Natural Disaster-Proof Your Finances

4 min read

Natural Disaster-Proof Your FinancesHurricanes, floods, wildfires, tornadoes and earthquakes are becoming more severe and more frequent with each passing year. Without sufficient protection, these events can cause lasting financial disruption. While no one can prevent a natural disaster, preparing your finances in advance is one of the most practical forms of crisis readiness.

Build a Financial Safety Net

Save at least three to six months of essential living expenses in a liquid account that you can access quickly. This money can help cover temporary housing, food, transportation, or medical needs if your income is disrupted or your home becomes uninhabitable.

In addition to emergency savings, keep a small amount of cash on hand (e.g., $200 to $500 in small bills). Be aware that many businesses accept only cash in the immediate aftermath of a disaster, as power outages often disable ATMs and card readers.

Protect Important Documents

Organize key documents and store them in a waterproof file cabinet or container to help you quickly file insurance claims or request disaster assistance. It is a good idea to keep paper copies on hand since power or cellular outages may prevent access to cloud storage online. Other records to keep easily accessible include driver’s licenses, passports, Social Security cards, insurance policies, birth and marriage certificates, and military or medical documents. It is also wise to leave copies with a trusted family member or friend who lives outside your immediate area.

Document Your Home and Belongings

After a disaster, you can speed up insurance claims processing by proving what you owned and its pre-disaster condition. Take photos or videos of every room in your home, including closets, cabinets, and storage areas. Capture serial numbers, brand names, and high-value items. Remember to update this home inventory periodically – especially when you make major purchases. Store the documentation in the same secure location as your important records.

Review and Strengthen Insurance Coverage

You should review your homeowners or renters’ insurance regularly to confirm that coverage amounts reflect current replacement costs. Many times, homeowners and renters discover too late that there are gaps or exclusions in their coverage that will cost them thousands in out-of-pocket expenses. Be aware that standard policies often exclude damage from floods, earthquakes, and in some cases wildfires (although not as broadly excluded), depending on your location. Consider supplemental policies for these conditions if you live in a high-risk area. Also, check to see if your auto insurance covers damage by flooding or debris. Set aside enough money in your emergency savings account to pay for insurance deductibles, and keep your insurer’s contact information and policy numbers stored on your phone for easy access.

Guard Against Fraud and Financial Disruption

Disasters often attract scammers posing as contractors, insurance representatives, or aid organizations. Legitimate disaster assistance programs do not require advance fees, so be wary of anyone requesting upfront payment or your personal financial information. It’s a good idea to enable alerts and multifactor authentication on your banking and investment accounts for extra security.

Plan for Logistics and Communication

Financial preparedness extends beyond money and paperwork. Before a storm or evacuation, fill your vehicle’s gas tank and gather essential supplies, including medications. Charge phones and power banks, and consider portable battery chargers for small devices. Also, create a family communication plan so everyone knows how to check in if normal communication channels fail. Designate an out-of-area contact person who can relay information if local networks are overloaded.

Take Action After the Disaster

If a disaster affects your ability to pay bills, contact lenders and service providers immediately.. Some lenders may add a natural disaster code to your credit report or offer hardship accommodations, which can provide context to other lenders, but they do not automatically prevent credit-score damage. If necessary, register for federal disaster assistance as soon as possible. Timely applications can help cover housing, repairs, and other essential expenses.

Know Your Risk

Finally, understand the climate risks specific to where you live. While certain locations are more appealing, they may come with higher exposure to flooding, fires or storms. Being informed allows you to prepare and make better long-term financial decisions. With organization, preparation, and awareness, you can face emergencies with greater confidence and resilience.

Understanding Cash EBITDA

3 min read

What is Cash EBITDAWhile Cash EBITDA isn’t recognized by generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), it’s a way for company owners and investors to account for deferred revenue during valuation modeling. This financial metric measures a business’ year-over-year change in postponed revenue to analyze a company’s financial situation.

Defining EBITDA

Before Cash EBITDA is defined, EBITDA must be defined.

EBITDA = earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization

This metric is used quite often in financial analysis. Business owners, investors and financial analysts use this metric to examine different companies’ fiscal achievements against sector competitors and to determine the business’ profits from its core functions. 

Since financial statements are required by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and financial analysts are presented with varied filings, it still needs to be standardized for analysis. Though it’s not GAAP recognized, EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA are often reported by companies that can make peer-to-peer businesses easier to compare financials.

Some believe it’s not the best comparison due to many factors, including varying tax profiles, capital structures, and capitalization policies that affect net income. It’s important to be mindful that EBITDA doesn’t give any details regarding how a business’ working capital varies with its reinvestment into a business’ capital expenditures.

Some say EBITDA overstates profitability. Others believe EBITDA doesn’t factor in the cost of assets in evaluating profitability. For example, if two companies have the same EBITDA, but one is highly levered, the company with no to little debt is in better shape. 

Determining EBITDA

The income statement has tax expenses, net income, and interest expenses on it. If not found on the cash flow statement, the depreciation and amortization figures may be found on the financial statement footnotes. While EBITDA is a start, further refinement of EBITDA by using Cash EBITDA is a better financial definition.

Calculating Cash EBITDA

It’s important to account for deferred revenue properly. Since deferred revenue is revenue remitted in advance for products or services to be delivered at a future date, and revenue is recorded on the income statement when fulfillment happens, Cash EBITDA helps businesses and investors obtain a better picture of a company’s financial situation.

The deferred revenue or prepayment is recorded as a liability since the product or service hasn’t been delivered. Once fulfillment has occurred, it’s recognized as income. Therefore, it’s calculated as follows:

Cash EBITDA = TTM EBITDA + Year-over-Year Change in Deferred Revenue 

TTM EBITDA is the 12-month trailing EBITA. Also referred to as last twelve months (LTM), it’s the immediate 12 months of operating earnings. This way, the figure can be updated on a monthly or quarterly basis as the company adds new accounts.

The second component, derived from the balance sheet, is the annual change in deferred revenue.    

This formula is important and useful because if a new client is booked in the first three months of the year, and during a valuation analysis, if Cash EBITDA isn’t calculated, it would skew the valuation since it wouldn’t include new accounts.        

While GAAP is an important institution in the accounting and financial industry, businesses and investors that use well-regarded financial metrics beyond GAAP standards can make better-informed decisions.

5 Tax Tips for High Earners

4 min read

5 Tax Tips for High EarnersIf you’re a high-income earner, generally defined as household incomes over $350,000, there are some key things you might want to keep in mind come tax season. Here are a few of the strategies to consider that not only maximize your financial benefits but also minimize tax liabilities.

Boost Retirement Contributions

By increasing savings in your 401(k) and IRA accounts, you can reduce your current tax liability while building your nest egg. Here’s a closer look:

  • 401(k)s – In 2026, you can contribute up to $24,500. If you’re over 50, there’s a catch-up option of an extra $8,000, and better still, if you’re between 60-63, the catch-up contribution limit increases to $11,250. By doing these things, you lower your income and, thus, your tax bill.
  • Traditional IRAs – You can contribute up to $7,500 in 2026 with an additional catch-up contribution of $1,100 for individuals age 50 and older. Note that while you can make traditional IRA contributions regardless of income levels, the tax deduction phases out at certain income thresholds.
  • Roth IRAs – These products are popular because they let you sock away after-tax dollars. That said, your eligibility to contribute, capped at $7,500 in 2026, varies with income levels. Taxes are paid up front, but withdrawals, including earnings, are tax-free later. Woot! Beware, however, that the ability to directly contribute to a Roth IRA starts to phase out at $153,000 for single filers and $242,000 for those married filing jointly.

Implement Tax-Efficient Investments

Here are three more strategies to consider for reducing your tax burden:

  • Buy municipal bonds. With these securities, you may gain tax-free income that reduces your taxable income.
  • Buy dividend-paying stocks. Payouts from stocks give you lower-taxed income and wealth growth.
  • Invest in opportunity zones. These zones, defined as underserved, low-income communities, not only offer tax deferral but also provide community investment. Paying it forward pays yourself – and others.

Leverage Charitable Giving

And being strategic about it is critical when trying to reduce your tax bill. For instance, you might set up a donor-advised fund (DAF), which is an efficient way to manage your giving while securing tax benefits. You can set one up through a financial institution or a community foundation. Once you contribute, you’ll get an immediate tax deduction. However, this deduction is subject to certain limitations based on your adjusted gross income (AGI) – 60 percent for cash contributions and 30 percent for contributions of appreciated securities. Still, it reduces your taxable income for the current year. And that’s a good thing.

Gift Assets to Your Family

This is another good strategic move. Both you and your relatives will love it. In fact, the IRS lets you give up to $19,000 per year (as of 2026) without triggering gift taxes. Think college tuition or home down payments. However, while gifting assets can reduce the size of your taxable estate, it does not reduce your taxable income for income tax purposes. But here’s the upside: By using the gift tax exclusion, you’ll avoid increasing your estate tax liability later on.

Utilize Qualified Charitable Distributions (QCDs)

If you’re retired and over 70 ½, QCDs offer a powerful tax advantage. Get this: you can transfer up to $111,000 annually (in 2026) directly from your IRA to qualified charities without counting that amount as taxable income.

These are just a few of the ways high-earners can strategize for taxes. But no matter what tools and strategies you harness, the goal is to put together a smart plan so you can keep more of what you earn.

 

Sources

https://www.farther.com/foundations/tax-planning-strategies-for-high-income-earners#:~:text=401(k)%20and%20IRA%20Contributions,situation%20and%20provide%20personalized%20advice

https://finance.yahoo.com/news/minimum-salary-required-considered-top-170108488.html?guccounter=1

The Value of Diversifying with International Stocks

4 min read

The Value of Diversifying with International StocksWhen investors think about building a strong equity portfolio, U.S. stocks often dominate the conversation. The United States is home to many of the world’s most innovative, profitable, and well-known companies, and has a history of delivering strong long-term returns. However, the United States is not the only country with successful, growth-oriented businesses. In fact, nearly half of the global equity market is located outside the United States, offering investors a much broader opportunity than in domestic markets alone.

Despite this reality, many investors stick to a home country bias. This behavioral tendency means they prefer companies headquartered in their own country because they’re more familiar and feel safer. Unfortunately, home country bias can unintentionally increase portfolio risk. A singular concentration of investments in one geographic region exposes investors to country-specific economic cycles, policy changes, and market disruptions, while limiting access to attractive opportunities elsewhere in the world.

Global investing offers the following benefits:

  • Overall Diversification – Spreading investments across different markets, sectors, industries, companies and currencies in various countries improves opportunities for higher growth potential while balancing risk.
  • Highly Regarded Brand Names – Investing internationally offers access to a larger universe of well-established global brands. Household names such as Toyota, Nestlé, and Samsung are headquartered outside the United States, yet they generate revenues throughout the world, boasting strong balance sheets, consistent cash flow, and favorable long-term prospects. International stocks offer investors exposure to global innovation and consumption trends beyond U.S. markets.
  • Sector Diversification – In recent years, the U.S. stock market has become saturated with information technology and related industries – even among broad market index funds. While tech is a powerful growth driver, this concentration increases portfolio risk if the sector underperforms. International markets tend to have greater representation in other sectors, such as industrials, financials, materials, and consumer staples, so adding international stocks can help diversify overall sector exposure.
  • Currency Diversification – International investing exposes U.S. investors to foreign currencies, which reflect the economic conditions of their respective countries. Because currencies do not always move in tandem, holding assets denominated in multiple currencies can help reduce overall portfolio volatility. For example, if the U.S. dollar weakens, gains from foreign currencies may partially offset losses in U.S. dollar-denominated investments. While currency movements can add risk in the short term, they may provide an additional layer of diversification over the long term.
  • Country Diversification – International investing extends beyond developed markets to include emerging economies around the globe. Emerging markets are countries experiencing rapid economic growth, industrialization, and rising household incomes. Examples include India, Brazil, South Korea, and Taiwan. While emerging markets can offer higher growth potential, they also tend to be more volatile. For this reason, investors should consider allocating only a modest portion of their international exposure to emerging markets as part of a diversified strategy.

Diversify Risk Via Your Investment Vehicle

While international stocks offer diversification and growth potential, they also come with distinct risks, including regulatory differences, lower market liquidity, and political instability. Also note that international investments may involve higher transaction costs compared to domestic securities, especially when purchasing individual foreign stocks

Investors can help mitigate these risks by choosing inherently diversified investment vehicles, such as international mutual funds and exchange-traded funds (ETFs). Broad index-tracking funds are often the most cost-effective way to gain exposure, while professionally managed mutual funds can actively navigate changing global conditions.

International stocks provide access to companies, markets, and currencies that cannot be reached through domestic investments alone. When thoughtfully integrated into a portfolio, they may enhance diversification and improve long-term risk-adjusted returns.

Understanding Qualifying Dispositions

3 min read

Understanding Qualifying DispositionsWith 57 percent of public companies offering their workers employee stock purchase plans (ESPPs), according to the National Association of Stock Plan Professionals (NASPP), understanding how qualifying dispositions work is an essential skill.

The concept refers to someone selling or otherwise “disposing” of equities who sees advantageous tax benefits. This is especially pronounced when a stockholder’s normal tax income rate differs markedly from prevailing tax rates for long-term investments.

Eligible individuals are those employed by a company that offers such a benefit. There are two different options available for worker participation.

The first option is where employees participate in the ESPP. The second option is through an incentive stock option plan (ISOs). It’s noteworthy to distinguish that the ESPP is for most employees employed after a particular time at a company. However, ISOs are reserved primarily for senior management and executives, such as chief financial officers (CFOs), chief executive officers (CEOs), etc.  

What determines if it’s a qualifying disposition is how long the employee keeps the equities prior to the sale.

ESPP Example

If 100 shares are acquired via ESPP, bought via a 10 percent discount to the prevailing offer of $40, the purchase of 100 shares of stock at $36 equals $3,600. If the stock appreciates to $60 in the future, the difference (and capital gain) would be $2,400 in profits ($6,000 – $3,600).

Qualifying Disposition Example

This scenario breaks down how the discount and, ultimately, how capital gains are treated.

The discount of $4 per share is taxed at the employee’s present wage rate. Depending on the tax rate the employee is taxed at, the liability would be ($4 a share, multiplied by 100, times the tax rate of 30 percent or $120).

Using the ESPP example’s figures, the long-term gain of $24 per share (times 100 shares) is taxed based on the lesser rate of say 15 percent. ($3.60/share times 100 = $360).

Therefore, the entire taxes owed end up being $120 + $360 = $480.

Non-Qualifying Disposition Example

However, for stock liquidations not meeting qualifying disposition criteria, the $2,400 would see a 35 percent capital gains tax ($2,400 multiplied by 35 percent = $840).

Based on the qualifying versus non-qualifying distribution scenarios, the difference of $360 in capital gains savings represents a stark contrast in tax obligations. Therefore, it’s important to determine how to meet a qualifying disposition.

It requires the following criteria to be met. The stock sale date must occur at a minimum of 12 months from the stock purchase date. It also must be held for at least 24 months from the ESPP offer date or the ISO stock warrant date.

While transactions may differ in the quantity of shares sold and for how much, the timing for workers selling the shares is far less variable. It is important for employers to ensure workers are familiar with the tax implications.

 

Sources

https://www.naspp.com/blog/five-trends-in-espps